Tuesday, December 28, 2021

POEM FOR THE NEW YEAR

“NEW YEAR’S MORNING”
A poem by HELEN HUNT JACKSON



Only a night from old to new!
Only a night, and so much wrought!
The Old Year’s heart all weary grew,
But said: “The New Year rest has brought.”
The Old Year’s hopes its heart laid down,
As in a grave; but, trusting, said:
“The blossoms of the New Year’s crown
Bloom from the ashes of the dead.”
The Old Year’s heart was full of greed;
With selfishness it longed and ached,
And cried: “I have not half I need.
My thirst is bitter and unslaked.
But to the New Year’s generous hand
All gifts in plenty shall return;
True love it shall understand;
By all my failures it shall learn.
I have been reckless; it shall be
Quiet and calm and pure of life.
I was a slave; it shall go free,
And find sweet peace where I leave strife.”
Only a night from old to new!
Never a night such changes brought.
The Old Year had its work to do;
No New Year miracles are wrought.

Always a night from old to new!
Night and the healing balm of sleep!
Each morn is New Year’s morn come true,
Morn of a festival to keep.
All nights are sacred nights to make
Confession and resolve and prayer;
All days are sacred days to wake
New gladness in the sunny air.
Only a night from old to new;
Only a sleep from night to morn.
The new is but the old come true;
Each sunrise sees a new year born.

This poem is in the public domain.


Helen Hunt Jackson (pen name, H.H.; born Helen Maria Fiske; October 15, 1830 – August 12, 1885) was an American poet and writer who became an activist on behalf of improved treatment of Native Americans by the United States government. She described the adverse effects of government actions in her history A Century of Dishonor (1881). Her novel Ramona (1884) dramatized the federal government's mistreatment of Native Americans in Southern California after the Mexican–American War and attracted considerable attention to her cause. Commercially popular, it was estimated to have been reprinted 300 times and most readers liked its romantic and picturesque qualities rather than its political content. The novel was so popular that it attracted many tourists to Southern California who wanted to see places from the book. H.H. Jackson published five collections of poetry during her lifetime and was posthumously inducted into the Colorado Women's Hall of Fame in 1985, one hundred years after her death.

Source: https://poets.org/poet/helen-hunt-jackson / https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Hunt_Jackson. Accessed on December 28, 2021.

Poem available on: https://poets.org/poem/new-years-morning-0. Accessed on December 28, 2021.

HAPPY NEW YEAR!
HAPPY 2022!

ENGLISH - UNESP 2022 - Glasbergen

VESTIBULAR UNESP 2022 - 2ª FASE
19 de dezembro de 2021
LÍNGUA INGLESA


QUESTÃO 20
Leia o quadrinho:

“How much of Robin Hood’s money went to operating expenses and overhead and how much actually went to the poor?”
Adaptado de www.glasbergen.com.

Publicação original: https://www.glasbergen.com/ngg_tag/robin-hood/. Acesso em: 28 dez. 2021.

According to the context, the word “actually” can be replaced, without meaning change, by
(A) really.
(B) rapidly.
(C) lately.
(D) usually.
(E) incredibly.

Resolução
actually = really = realmente
Resposta: A (selecione com o mouse para ver a resposta)


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Questão resolvida pelo Curso Objetivo Vestibulares. Resolução disponível em: https://www.curso-objetivo.br/vestibular/resolucao_comentada/unesp/unesp2022_2fase.asp?img=01. Acesso em: 28 dez. 2021.

ENGLISH - UNESP 2022 - Calvin and Hobbes

VESTIBULAR UNESP 2022 - 2ª FASE
19 de dezembro de 2021
LÍNGUA INGLESA


QUESTÃO 19
Leia a tira.



O humor da tira decorre do fato de
(A) o menino estar com o relógio parado.
(B) o menino ser controlado por uma máquina.
(C) as máquinas ajudarem humanos no trabalho e no lazer.
(D) o tigre considerar inverossímil a história de ficção científica.
(E) o tigre ter ficado com medo das máquinas.

Resolução
Lê-se no segundo e quarto quadrinhos: “It’s about how machines take control of humans and turn them into zombie slaves!” / “I’ll say. Hey! What time is it?? My TV Show is on!”
Resposta: B (selecione com o mouse para ver a resposta)


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Questão resolvida pelo Curso Objetivo Vestibulares. Resolução disponível em: https://www.curso-objetivo.br/vestibular/resolucao_comentada/unesp/unesp2022_2fase.asp?img=01. Acesso em: 28 dez. 2021.

ENGLISH - UNESP 2022 - Machado de Assis

VESTIBULAR UNESP 2022 - 2ª FASE
19 de dezembro de 2021
LÍNGUA INGLESA


Leia o texto para responder às questões de 13 a 18.


HOME ENTERTAINMENT
Discover the riotous prose of a classic Brazilian author
The Posthumous Memoirs of Brás Cubas” is an invigorating read


The Economist
August 13, 2020


His grandparents were slaves. His father painted houses. His immigrant mother washed laundry. For a poor, mixed-race boy born in Brazil in 1839, their son had done well to become an apprentice typesetter in Rio de Janeiro. But a priest taught him Latin, and a literary agent spotted the gifted lad at the Imprensa Nacional, the government press, and soon he was contributing to newspapers, writing plays and poems and starting a literary circle.
But it was as a novelist that Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis would truly shine. Machado worked as a civil servant and co-founded the Brazilian Academy of Letters; he married happily (although his Portuguese in-laws initially objected to the colour of his skin). Beneath all this outward respectability, his prose was radically ingenious. Ever since “The Posthumous Memoirs of Brás Cubas”, Machado’s fifth novel, appeared in 1881 it has astonished readers with its lordly ironies and scorn for convention. The book’s invigorating style, as much as its backdrop of racial and social injustice, makes it ideal reading for this morbid, insurgent summer.
Brás Cubas, the fictional memoirist, has just died from pneumonia. As a thwarted corpse who failed in almost everything he tried, he wants to set the record straight about his drifting life as an idle, pleasure-seeking dandy in Rio. Beneath his jaunty veneer, Cubas harbours a melancholy pessimism. He sees a freedman lash a slave he has bought — to relieve his own sufferings “by passing them on to someone else”. Yet the novel floats free of the ambient oppression on currents of mischief and urbanity.
Sprinkled with epigrams, dreams, gags and asides, the story teases, dances and delights. Across 160 short chapters (“Long chapters suit long-winded readers”), Machado mocks every rule of the 19th-century novel. A chapter of dialogue is written entirely in punctuation (“!…?…!”). In another, the narrator acknowledges (in a new translation by Margaret Jull Costa and Robin Patterson), “I have just written an utterly pointless chapter”. Dave Eggers, an American author, recently called this “one of the wittiest, most playful, and therefore most alive and ageless books ever written”.

Adapted from: https://www.economist.com/books-and-arts/2020/08/13/discover-the-riotous-prose-of-a-classic-brazilian-author. Accessed on December 27, 2021.

QUESTÃO 13
The text is mainly about
(A) racial conflicts in Rio de Janeiro in 1880s.
(B) The Posthumous Memoirs of Brás Cubas novel.
(C) urban life in Rio de Janeiro at the end of 19th century.
(D) the family background of Machado de Assis and his friends.
(E) the importance of Machado de Assis as founder of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.

Resolução
A partir da metade do segundo parágrafo até o quarto parágrafo, o texto discute “Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas”, de Machado de Assis.
Resposta: B (selecione com o mouse para ver a resposta)

QUESTÃO 14
According to the first paragraph, Machado de Assis started his literary career
(A) working at the government press.
(B) because a priest taught him Latin.
(C) working as an apprentice typesetter.
(D) contributing to newspapers, writing poems and plays.
(E) with the help of his parents.

Resolução
Lê-se no texto: “... and soon he was contributing to newspapers, writing plays and poems and starting a literary circle.”
Resposta: D (selecione com o mouse para ver a resposta)

QUESTÃO 15
The second paragraph states that “The Posthumous Memoirs of Brás Cubas” is a
(A) recommended reading due to its stimulating style.
(B) respectable and conventional novel, although it has surprised readers.
(C) manifesto against racism and social injustice.
(D) lordly novel no matter how unconventional it may seem.
(E) difficult book to understand because it is too radical.

Resolução
Lê-se no texto: “The book’s invigorating style, as much as its backdrop of racial and social injustice, makes it ideal reading for this morbid, insurgent summer.”
Resposta: A (selecione com o mouse para ver a resposta)

QUESTÃO 16
No trecho do terceiro parágrafo Yet the novel floats free of the ambient oppression on currents of mischief and urbanity”, o termo sublinhado expressa
(A) decorrência.
(B) acréscimo.
(C) contraste.
(D) alternância.
(E) exemplificação.

Resolução
O termo sublinhado “yet” é uma conjunção cuja tradução é ‘contudo’ ou ‘entretanto’, portanto expressa uma ideia de contraste.
Resposta: C (selecione com o mouse para ver a resposta)

QUESTÃO 17
O trecho do quarto parágrafo que exemplifica a frase “Machado mocks every rule of the 19th-century novel” é
(A) “Across 160 short chapters”.
(B) “in a new translation by Margaret Jull Costa and Robin Patterson”.
(C) “the story teases, dances and delights”.
(D) “one of the wittiest, most playful, and therefore most alive and ageless books ever written”.
(E) “A chapter of dialogue is written entirely in punctuation”.

Resolução
O verbo mock significa ‘zombar’, portanto, no trecho “A chapter of dialogue is written entirely in punctuation” ele zomba das regras do romance do século XIX ao dispensar o uso de palavras na construção de um capítulo inteiro, utilizando apenas sinais de pontuação.
Resposta: E (selecione com o mouse para ver a resposta)

QUESTÃO 18
No trecho do quarto parágrafo “In another, the narrator acknowledges”, o termo sublinhado refere-se a
(A) Machado de Assis.
(B) Brás Cubas.
(C) the author of the text published by The Economist.
(D) Margaret Jull Costa.
(E) Dave Eggers.

Resolução
Lê-se no texto: “Brás Cubas, the fictional memoirist, has just died from pneumonia. As a thwarted corpse who failed in almost everything he tried, he wants to set the record straight about his drifting life as an idle, pleasure-seeking dandy in Rio.”
Resposta: B (selecione com o mouse para ver a resposta)

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Questões resolvidas pelo Curso Objetivo Vestibulares. Resolução disponível em: https://www.curso-objetivo.br/vestibular/resolucao_comentada/unesp/unesp2022_2fase.asp?img=01. Acesso em: 28 dez. 2021.

Monday, December 27, 2021

ESL WORKSHEET - Challenges in Space

LESSON PLAN FOR ENGLISH TEACHERS
BILLIONAIRE PLANS TRIP TO MOON


LinguaHouse
Oct. 10, 2021


Level: Upper-Intermediate (B2-C1)
Type of English: General English
Tags: Breaking News Celebrities And Historical Figures Challenges Innovation And Product Development The Future And Space Video Talk
Publication date:
03/10/2021

This lesson focuses on Yusaka Maezawa’s planned trip to the moon aboard Elon Musk’s SpaceX and his desire to take s people with him. A listening exercise focuses on the news story, and a text goes deeper into his life and the life of Elon Musk. Exercises focus on related vocabulary, prediction, skimming for details, and comprehension (by Joe Wilson).

  • CLICK HERE to download the student’s worksheet.
  • CLICK HERE to download the teacher’s lesson plan.
  • CLICK HERE to listen to/download the American English audio (MP3).
  • CLICK HERE to listen to/download the British English audio (MP3).
  • CLICK HERE to download the video in American English.
  • CLICK HERE to download the video in British English.


TRANSCRIPT

Japanese billionaire - Yusaka Maezawa - is looking for eight people to join him on a flight to the moon. Could you join him? The fashion entrepreneur bought his tickets for Elon Musk’s SpaceX back in 2018, hoping to be the first civilian to fly there.
Originally, he planned to take a group of artists with him to record the trip. Now, he says he would like to take people from a variety of different backgrounds which he will pay for, meaning the lucky passengers will fly for free.
There are two criteria that applicants need to meet: the trip must advance their career which helps other people, and they must support other people on the trip. The project, called #dearMoon, will be the first lunar journey with humans since 1972.
Passengers will fly in a trajectory around the Moon allowing them to witness a view called “Earthrise” - when Earth rises over the horizon of the Moon the same way the Sun does on Earth. Initially, Maezawa thought that only he could go with a friend.
But then Elon Musk told him that ten passengers could go, so he started to think about who he would take, speculating that he may even take Musk himself, as the two billionaires are friends. Whoever he chooses, he doesn’t have too long to decide as the trip is planned for 2023.


Adapted from: https://www.linguahouse.com/esl-lesson-plans/general-english/billionaire-plans-trip-to-moon. Accessed on December 27, 2021. LinguaHouse.com © 2008 - 2021.

ESL WORKSHEET - Copernicus

LESSON PLAN FOR ENGLISH TEACHERS
NICOLAUS COPERNICUS


LinguaHouse
Nov. 2, 2021


Level: Pre-Intermediate (A2-B1)
Type of English: General English
Tags: Celebrities and Historical Figures; Science and Technology; Beliefs, Religion and Superstition; The Universe and Space; Vocabulary and Grammar
Publication date: 11/02/2021

This audio-aided lesson tells the life story of the astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543). The lesson focuses on vocabulary, listening comprehension, speaking and noun/verb word families. There is also an optional extension activity about space vocabulary (by Stephanie Hirschman).

  • CLICK HERE to download the student’s worksheet.
  • CLICK HERE to download the teacher’s lesson plan.
  • CLICK HERE to listen to/download the American English audio (MP3).
  • CLICK HERE to listen to/download the British English audio (MP3).

TRANSCRIPT

Reader: Nicolaus Copernicus was born in Torun in Poland in 1473. His family was rich, but his father died when he was ten, and his uncle, a Catholic bishop, took care of him.
Reader: When he was 18, Copernicus went to study astronomy and mathematics at the University of Krakow. He enjoyed his studies, but he didn’t graduate because his uncle sent him to study church law in Italy. Copernicus secretly continued studying astronomy and mathematics, so he didn’t graduate from this university either. Finally, after further years of study, he received degrees in medicine and law and returned to Poland in 1503 to work with his uncle.
Reader: During Copernicus’s time in Italy, he made friends with the Italian astronomer Domenico Novara. Working without telescopes, they made many observations of the night sky. Copernicus continued this work when he returned to Poland.
Reader: He read the Greek astronomer Ptolemy’s description of how the Sun, Moon, and planets moved around the Earth and found some mathematical mistakes. This made Copernicus think that there might be more serious problems with Ptolemy’s theories. For example, perhaps the Earth and other planets moved around the Sun. Copernicus shared his ideas with friends in 1514.
Reader: Copernicus’s theories were against the teachings of the church, and it was dangerous to say this publicly. However, after many years, in 1543, the German scientist Georg Rheticus helped him to publish a book. Without their permission, the publisher included a note saying that these ideas might not be true and dedicated the book to the Catholic pope.
Reader: Although this made Copernicus and Rheticus angry, it meant that they were not in danger and people could still read about these new ideas. Copernicus’s theory inspired future astronomers and changed people’s understanding of man’s place in the universe. Copernicus died in 1543.

Adapted from: https://www.linguahouse.com/esl-lesson-plans/general-english/nicolaus-copernicus. Accessed on December 27, 2021. LinguaHouse.com © 2008 - 2021.

ESL WORKSHEET - Environmental Issues

LESSON PLAN FOR ENGLISH TEACHERS
SAVING THE EARTH


LinguaHouse
Jul. 6, 2016


Level: Pre-Intermediate (A2-B1)
Type of English: General English
Tags: Environment and Nature; Environment and Pollution; Modal Verbs; Vocabulary and Grammar
Publication date: 07/06/2016

In this lesson, students learn a number of simple collocations used to talk about environmental issues as well as the using ‘should/shouldn’t + infinitive’ for giving advice and recommendations.

  • CLICK HERE to download the student’s worksheet.
  • CLICK HERE to download the teacher’s lesson plan.

Adapted from: https://www.linguahouse.com/esl-lesson-plans/general-english/saving-the-earth. Accessed on December 27, 2021. LinguaHouse.com © 2008 - 2021.

ESL WORKSHEET - Climate Changing

LESSON PLAN FOR ENGLISH TEACHERS
GLOBAL WARMING


LinguaHouse
Dec. 23, 2021


Level: Upper-Intermediate (B2-C1) 
Type of English: General English 
Tags: Controversial Issues; Science and Technology; Environment and Pollution; Weather and Climate; Giving Opinions; Article Based 
Publication date: 12/23/2021

This lesson has been updated.

This lesson discusses the effects of climate change and the action that is needed to reduce its effects. Commonly used climate change phrases will be discussed, and students’ reading and listening skills will be tested. There is plenty of opportunity for speaking practice in this lesson, including an opinion poll at the end, which could be extended to a more in-depth debate (by Gillian Smylie).

  • CLICK HERE to download the student’s worksheet in American English.
  • CLICK HERE to download the teacher’s lesson plan in American English.
  • CLICK HERE to download the student’s worksheet in British English.
  • CLICK HERE to download the teacher’s lesson plan in British English.
  • CLICK HERE to download the audio (MP3).

TRANSCRIPT

John: We’re speaking to three activists about the causes of climate change and what we can do about it. Angus, what’s causing climate change?
Angus: Lots of things, but burning fossil fuels to provide electricity and heat is by far the biggest cause, accounting for almost a third of global greenhouse gas emissions. All countries need to move their economies away from fossil fuels by investing in renewable energy sources. By providing subsidies, governments can help households insulate walls and roofs better and switch their heating source to a heat pump. These work by taking natural warmth out of the surrounding environment to heat homes and are greener than oil or gas boilers.
John: Thank you, Angus. And Kelly, do you have anything to add?
Kelly: Yes. I’d like to point out that the natural world does very well with cleaning up our emissions; at least it would if we preserved it properly. The industrial-scale deforestation currently happening destroys giant trees which could, and should, be absorbing huge amounts of carbon. Reforestation and ’rewilding’ schemes, which allow areas of land to return to their natural state, are essential in the fight against climate change. One leading cause of deforestation is clearing land to accommodate and grow food for livestock. Cows are a particular issue, as they also produce a large amount of methane, which is a strong greenhouse gas. Many people believe in giving up or at least reducing meat and dairy consumption.
John: Thank you, Kelly. Good points. And finally, let’s hear from George.
George: Reducing overall consumption in more wealthy countries can help put less strain on the planet. Lots of companies produce far more products than are realistically needed, so many things end up in landfill, which, like cows, produce methane. And I can’t leave without mentioning plastic. Despite having acknowledged that our use of plastic is unsustainable, demand for it continues to rise. Creating and getting rid of plastic accounts for a significant amount of carbon emissions, not to mention pollution, so continuing to develop more sustainable alternatives is essential.

Adapted from: https://www.linguahouse.com/esl-lesson-plans/general-english/global-warming. Accessed on December 27, 2021. LinguaHouse.com © 2008 - 2021.

Thursday, December 23, 2021

CHRISTMAS IN THE USA

CHRISTMAS DAY IN THE UNITED STATES


TIME AND DATE

Many people in the United States celebrate Christmas Day on December 25. The day celebrates Jesus Christ’s birth.


Other Names and Languages for CHRISTMAS

English Christmas Day
German Weihnachten, Weihnachten
Spanish Navidad
Portuguese Natal
French Noël
Italian Natale
Arabic عيد الميلاد
Hebrew חג המולד
Korean 크리스마스
Norwegian Første juledag

Is Christmas Day a Public Holiday?

Christmas Day is a public holiday in 5 states, where it is a day off for the general population, and schools and most businesses are closed.

Opening presents on Christmas Day morning is one of the traditions on Christmas day.
© iStockphoto.com/ferrantraite

What Do People Do?

People celebrate Christmas Day in many ways. It is often combined with customs from pre-Christian winter celebrations. Many people decorate their homes, visit family or friends and exchange gifts. In the days or even weeks before Christmas Day, many people decorate their homes and gardens with lights, Christmas trees and much more.

It is common to organize a special meal, often consisting of turkey and a lot of other festive foods, for family or friends and exchange gifts with them. Children, in particular, often receive a lot of gifts from their parents and other relatives and the mythical figure Santa Claus. This has led to Christmas Day becoming an increasingly commercialized holiday, with a lot of families spending a large part of their income on gifts and food.

Many Sunday schools, churches and communities organize special events. These can include decorating the neighborhood or a shopping mall, putting up a Christmas tree and planning a Nativity display, concert or performance. A lot of plays and songs have a aspect of Christmas as a theme. Some groups arrange meals, shelter or charitable projects for people without a home or with very little money.

Public Life

Government offices, organizations, businesses and schools are closed, almost without exception. Many people visit relatives or friends and are out of town. This may cause congestion on highways and at airports. Public transit systems do not run on their regular schedules. In general, public life closes down completely.

Background

The original meaning of Christmas is a special church service, or mass, to celebrate the birth of Christ. The story of the Nativity, or the events surrounding the birth of Jesus, are particularly important in religious celebrations of Christmas. However, many traditions that are around today have their roots in pre-Christian winter festivals. These include the importance of candles and decorations made from evergreen bushes and tree, symbolizing everlasting light and life.

In Roman times, a mid-winter festival was held. This was a relaxing time with a lot of parties and merry making. It was also common to give other people small gifts, such as dolls for children and candles for adults. This festival culminated with the celebration of the winter solstice, which fell on December 25 in the Roman calendar. In Scandinavia, a festival called Yule and lasting up to twelve days was held in late December and early January. In this time people burned logs and held parties. These customs have influences how Christmas Day is celebrated today in the United States.

The Bible does not give a precise date for the birth of Jesus. It is also unclear when December 25 became associated with the birth of Jesus, although it may have been around two hundred years after his birth. In the early centuries of Christianity, the anniversary of the birth of Jesus was not a cause for celebrations. The idea of turning this day into a celebration started in the early Middle Ages in Europe.

During Reformation and up until the middle of the 1800s, Christmas was often not celebrated because partying and merry making was seen as unchristian. From about 1840, celebrating Christmas became more widespread. December 25 was declared a federal holiday in the United States in 1870. Since then Christmas Day has become a steadily more important holiday.

Symbols

A wide range of people and objects represent Christmas. These include baby Jesus, the Nativity and the Three Kings, but also Santa Claus, reindeer and elves. Common objects at this time of year are pine trees, holly, decorations, fairy lights, candles and presents. Christmas Day is now truly a mix of religious celebration and commercial interests.

Adapted from: https://www.timeanddate.com/holidays/us/christmas-day. Accessed on December 23, 2021. © Time and Date AS 1995–2021. All rights reserved.

CHRISTMAS IN THE UK

CHRISTMAS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM


LearnEnglish Teens
BRITISH COUNCIL


Christmas in the UK is the biggest holiday of the year. Family gatherings, turkey, presents and parties are just some of the things that come to mind when we think about Christmas time.


Christmas can mean different things to different people. For many people it means eating a lot, spending time with family and visiting relatives and friends. For children it often means presents, presents and more presents!

The origins of Christmas

In ancient times people had mid-winter festivals when the days were short and the nights were very long. They believed that their ceremonies would help the sun’s power return. The Romans decorated their homes with green plants in December to remind Saturn, their harvest god, to return the following spring. In the year 440 the Christian church decided that the birth of Christ should be celebrated every year on 25 December. Some of these ancient customs were adopted by early Christians as part of their celebrations of the birthday of Jesus Christ. Green plants are still used to decorate many British homes in December. At Christmas we cover trees (real ones or reusable synthetic trees) with shiny balls and flashing lights!

Cards and presents

It’s very common to send Christmas cards to friends, family, colleagues, classmates and neighbours in the weeks leading up to 25 December. Christmas is traditionally a time for helping other people and giving money to charities. Many people send charity cards, where a percentage of the price of each card goes to charity. People send fewer cards than in the past as they now send Christmas greetings by email or via Facebook.

Christmas presents are reserved for close friends and family. Traditionally the giving of a gift is symbolic of the Three Wise Men giving their gifts of gold, frankincense and myrrh to the baby Jesus. Popular presents for young people in the UK in recent years include a smartphone, a Playstation and 80s retro fashion.

Father Christmas (aka Santa Claus)

Every year small children tell Father Christmas, also known as Santa Claus, exactly what presents they would like to receive. They can write him a letter with a list of requests or they can visit him personally in one of the large department stores across Britain in the weeks before Christmas. On the night of 24 December, Father Christmas travels through the sky on a sleigh pulled by magic reindeers and delivers presents to children across Britain. How does he enter the children’s houses? Via the chimney, of course!

The Christmas number one

Every year, for a few weeks around Christmas time, the UK music charts go mad. Groups and singers who normally make cool music create a song that they hope will be number one – the best-selling song on Christmas Day. The Christmas number one is written about in newspapers, talked about on the radio and people can even bet money in betting shops to see which song will win the race. Recently, the Christmas number one has been dominated by singers who have won reality television competitions.

However, some music fans are not happy about this dominance. One year, they started an anti-corporate Facebook campaign to try and prevent the Christmas number one being another reality show song. Instead, they encouraged people to buy a song by the rock band Rage Against the Machine. They won!

Snow

Snow at Christmas is part of British culture. You often see it on Christmas cards, you can buy fake snow to decorate your house and there are even songs about snow at Christmas. It doesn’t snow every year in Britain, but many people hope for a white Christmas. People can bet on whether it will snow or not on 25 December too.

Turkey and crackers

Christmas dinner is usually eaten at midday or early afternoon. It usually includes roast turkey, vegetables and potatoes. There are also lots of alternatives to the turkey dinner for vegetarians who prefer a meat-free Christmas. For dessert, there’s a rich, fruity cake called Christmas pudding.

Traditionally, a Christmas cracker is placed next to each person. When you pull the cracker with the person next to you, you hear a loud ‘bang!’ and a paper hat, a joke and a small gift fall from the cracker. You have to wear the hat, tell the joke to the other people at the table and keep the gift.

Christmas means...

Does everyone like Christmas? These comments from young Brits reflect some of the wide range of opinions about Christmas in the UK.

Christmas to me means catching up with your family and having a laugh. Last of all opening your presents.
Yasmeen, 20, Liverpool

It’s too commercial. There are too many adverts trying to get everyone to spend their money.
Ruby, 15, London

Bringing all your family together, having a laugh, giving presents and eating loads of delicious foods. YUM! YUM!
James, 13, Crediton

The shops start selling Christmas cards in September! That’s three months before Christmas. Ridiculous!
Tony, 18, Bakewell

I work for a charity that gives food to homeless people every Christmas. These people have no home or family so we try to make 25 December a happy day for them.
Claire, 22, Derby

I think Xmas is as much about giving as it is about getting. I also think it’s a time for the whole family to get together and enjoy being with each other.
Charlie, 15, Canterbury

I think that Christmas is a religious time, not just for Christians but for Jews and Muslims too. I celebrate the season the Christian way.
Alisha, 16, Manchester

  • CLICK HERE to download the worksheet with the text.
  • CLICK HERE to download the worksheet with the exercises.
  • CLICK HERE to download the worksheet with the answers.

Adapted from: https://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/uk-now/read-uk/christmas. Accessed on December 23, 2021. © 2021 British Council The United Kingdom’s international organisation for cultural relations and educational opportunities. All rights reserved.

ENGLISH WITH MUSIC - ALOK

“HEAR ME NOW”
ALOK, BRUNO MARTINI & ZEEBA


Written by Alok, Bruno Martini and Zeeba.
Produced by Bruno Martini and Alok.
Released on July 2, 2016.
From the 2016 Spinnin’ single Hear Me Now.



If you get to hear me now
If you get to hear me now

I know you’ll get stronger
When you get older, ow
Just don’t shrug your shoulders
When you get older, ow
The things aren’t easy
So just believe me now
If you don’t keep it cool now
You’ll never make a sound

All the lights will guide the way
If you get to hear me now
All the fears will fade away
If you get to hear me now
If you get to hear me now
If you get to hear me now

Leave excuses aside
Speak out your mind now
And don’t let it slide
You’re not always right now
The things aren’t easy
So just believe me now
Don’t learn the hard way
Just let me show you how

All the lights will guide the way
If you get to hear me now
All the fears will fade away
If you get to hear me now
If you get to hear me now
If you get to hear me now

If you get to hear me now
If you get to hear me now
If you get to hear me now
If you get to hear me now


Mastering Engineer: Luca Pretolesi
Guitar: Bruno Martini
Piano: Bruno Martini
Synthesizer: Bruno Martini
Drums: Alok
Bass: Alok
Vocals: Zeeba
Programmer: Zeeba, Bruno Martini and Alok

Video directed by Caio Amantini and Rapha Pamplona.

℗ & © 2016 Spinnin’ Records, a division of Warner Music Group. All rights reserved.

For more information about the song, go to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hear_Me_Now_(Alok_and_Bruno_Martini_song) and https://genius.com/Alok-zeeba-and-bruno-martini-hear-me-now-lyrics. Accessed on December 23, 2021.

Wednesday, December 22, 2021

LESSON PLAN - CHRISTMAS!

LESSON PLAN
CHRISTMAS DINNER


By Jeff Genet
BUSY TEACHER



This lesson includes a link to a fun, animated video on YouTube that talks about Christmas dinner and popular food eaten in some countries around the world during this holiday season. Visual aids allow students to more easily retain vocabulary and expressions. The lesson plan is also great for discussion, vocabulary building and listening.



Available on: https://busyteacher.org/25769-christmas-dinner.html. Accessed on December 22, 2021. Copyright © 2007-2021 BusyTeacher.org.

ENGLISH WITH MUSIC - BEYONCÉ

“HALO”
BEYONCÉ


Written by Beyoncé Knowles, Evan Bogart and Ryan Tedder.
Produced by Beyoncé Knowles and Ryan Tedder.
Released on January 20, 2009.
From the 2008 Columbia album I Am... Sasha Fierce.



Remember those walls I built?
Well, baby, they’re tumblin’ down
And they didn’t even put up a fight
They didn’t even make a sound
I found a way to let you in
But I never really had a doubt
Standin’ in the light of your halo
I got my angel now
It’s like I’ve been awakened
Every rule I had you breakin’
It’s the risk that I’m takin’
I ain’t never gonna shut you out

Everywhere I’m lookin’ now
I’m surrounded by your embrace
Baby, I can see your halo
You know you’re my savin’ grace
You’re everything I need and more
It’s written all over your face
Baby, I can feel your halo
Pray it won’t fade away

I can feel your halo, halo, halo
I can see your halo, halo, halo
I can feel your halo, halo, halo
I can see your halo, halo
Halo, ooh

Hit me like a ray of sun
Burnin’ through my darkest night
You’re the only one that I want
Think I’m addicted to your light
I swore I’d never fall again
But this don’t even feel like fallin’
Gravity can’t forget
To pull me back to the ground again
It’s like I’ve been awakened
Every rule I had you breakin’
The risk that I’m takin’
I’m never gonna shut you out

Everywhere I’m lookin’ now
I’m surrounded by your embrace
Baby, I can see your halo
You know you’re my savin’ grace
You’re everything I need and more
It’s written all over your face
Baby, I can feel your halo
Pray it won’t fade away

I can feel your halo, halo, halo
I can see your halo, halo, halo
I can feel your halo, halo, halo
I can see your halo, halo, halo
I can feel your halo, halo, halo
I can see your halo, halo, halo
I can feel your halo, halo, halo
I can see your halo, halo
Halo, ooh
Halo, ooh
Halo, ooh
Ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh...

Everywhere I’m lookin’ now
I’m surrounded by your embrace
Baby, I can see your halo
You know you’re my savin’ grace
You’re everything I need and more
It’s written all over your face
Baby, I can feel your halo
Pray it won’t fade away

I can feel your halo, halo, halo
I can see your halo, halo, halo
I can feel your halo, halo, halo
I can see your halo, halo
Halo, oh oh
I can feel your halo, halo, halo
I can see your halo, halo, halo
I can feel your halo, halo, halo
I can see your halo, halo
Halo, ooh


Recording Engineer: Jim Caruana and Ryan Tedder
Assistant Engineer: Matt Green and Christian Baker
Mixing Engineer: Mark “Spike” Stent
Mastering Engineer: Tom Coyne
Executive Producer: Mathew Knowles and Beyoncé Knowles

Recorded at Germano Studios, New York, NY; Roc the Mic Studios, New York, NY; Manfield Studios, Los Angeles, CA.


℗ & © 2008 Columbia Records, a division of Sony Music Entertainment. All rights reserved.

For more information about the song, go to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halo_(Beyoncé_song) and https://genius.com/Beyonce-halo-lyrics. Accessed on December 22, 2021.

CHRISTMAS DINNER

CEIA DE NATAL EM INGLÊS:
CONHEÇA OS PRATOS DE
PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA INGLESA


Saiba o que rola nas mesas de fim de ano lá fora e confira esse pequeno glossário de ceia de natal em Inglês.

Por REDAÇÃO WIZARD
14 de dezembro de 2021



O tema deste post é a ceia de Natal em inglês. Afinal, é sempre bom pensar nas comidinhas de final de ano, não é mesmo?
Bom, mas antes de tudo, ninguém aqui precisa dispensar os tradicionais bolinhos de bacalhau, nem o tender e muito menos as rabanadas tipicamente brasileiras. Mas por que não conhecer também um pouco do que gringos comem nessa época lá fora e, de repente, até mesmo agregar novas receitas na ceia de Natal?
Só que para isso, no mínimo, é preciso saber como esses pratos se chamam em inglês. Pois é isso mesmo que você vai aprender agora.

Ceia de Natal em inglês: o que tem na mesa de países de origem inglesa?

São muitos os países de origem inglesa e cada um herdou hábitos, costumes e práticas diferentes não somente em relação ao idioma, como às tradições e à gastronomia. Por isso, o chamado Christmas Dinner, ou, em português, Ceia de Natal, pode ganhar pratos e quitutes bem específicos em cada região do mundo. E é justamente isso que vamos mostrar a seguir no nosso pequeno glossário de Ceia de Natal em Inglês. Take a look!

1. Roast Turkey

Definitivamente, o peru assado é o prato de Natal mais internacional de todos. Afinal, a ave está presente na mesa de um grande número de países do mundo nessa época e simboliza, como nenhum outro, o jantar em família de final de ano. Só que, claro, tem alguns lugares que “inovam” um pouquinho na receita.


É o caso dos Estados Unidos, onde muitas pessoas costumam rechear a carne com diversos temperos e ingredientes, como bacon, queijo, presunto e ervas. E essa prática também tem um nome… ou melhor, alguns nomes: stuffing, filling ou dressing! Outra curiosidade que costuma acompanhar o roast turkey na ceia de natal em inglês é o chamado “gravy”, que nada mais é do que o molho feito com o caldo e a gordura da ave. Nada fit, mas é Natal né?

2. Fudge

Um quitute que não pode faltar na nossa ceia de Natal em inglês é o tradicional docinho britânico fudge, que muitos defendem ser o “pai” do brownie.


Bom, de aparência realmente os dois se parecem, sendo que o Fudge costuma ser bem mais cremoso e macio, já que carrega uma boa base de manteiga (butter) em sua receita. Em geral, o quitute é feito em um grande tabuleiro e cortado em pequenos cubinhos para que as pessoas possam “beliscar” e comer com a mão mesmo.
Que tal procurar uma receita completa e tentar fazer esse ano?

3. Gingerbread

Sabe aqueles biscoitinhos que sempre aparecem em filmes e desenhos no formato de pessoas, casas e animais? Pois é, alguns deles são feitos à base de gengibre e açúcar e são muito comuns na ceia de Natal dos EUA e do Canadá.


Aliás, podem até ganhar nomes específicos dependendo do formato moldado, como gingerbread man (biscoito de gengibre em forma de homem) e gingerbread house (biscoito de gengibre em forma de casa).

4. Triffle

Para provar que não são somente os brasileiros que exageram na ceia de Natal, um dos doces mais comuns nessa época na Inglaterra é o tradicional triffle. Na prática, trata-se de um doce com camadas de bolo, gelatina, frutas, caldas e muito, mas muito creme mesmo.


Há quem faça porções individuais em pequenas taças, enquanto outras famílias preferem montar uma versão maior e que cada um possa se servir à vontade.

5. French toast

Sim, há uma versão internacional de rabanadas também e é deliciosa! Modéstia à parte, a gente manda muito bem por aqui, pois até pão específico a gente já inventou para o quitute, além de não economizarmos no açúcar e na canela.


A gente fala isso, pois lá fora normalmente se usa pão velho e que iria para o lixo. Esse prato tem origem do francês “pain perdu”, ou pão perdido e, por isso, em inglês, ganhou o nome de French toast (torrada francesa).

6. Raisin

Polêmica à vista! Sim, na ceia de Natal nos países de língua inglesa também há aquela velha briga sobre colocar ou não uva-passa nas receitas.


Bom, independentemente se você ama ou detesta o tradicional ingrediente feito de uva seca, o fato é que ele é super popular nessa época do ano em diversos países e, em inglês, se chama raisin e também é usado em saladas, doces, molhos e carnes.

7. Yam Casserole

Um prato típico e que não podia ficar de fora da nossa ceia de Natal em inglês é o chamado yam casserole, que pode ser literalmente traduzido para caçarola de inhame ou batata doce.


Bom, na prática, se trata de uma torta salgada, quase sempre recheada com carne moída bem temperada e uma bela camada de purê de inhame. Sua origem é inglesa, mas a receita foi levada pelos colonizadores para diferentes países e, claro, ganhou novas versões ao longo dos anos, como a substituição do inhame por batata e a inclusão de queijos ou cream cheese nos recheios.

8. Yule Ham

Por fim, o tradicional tender também pode ser encontrado em algumas ceias de Natal de países de língua inglesa e, inclusive, alguns com receitas bem semelhantes às que usamos por aqui, como cravos, fios de ovos, ameixas etc.


Sua origem também se dá no norte europeu, quando famílias sacrificavam um porco para o jantar de final de ano e parte da perna era defumada para dar ainda mais sabor ao banquete. Assim, se eternizou o tradicional presunto de Natal e tal receita cruzaria os oceanos.

Em resumo, essas são algumas dicas de pratos e quitutes da ceia de Natal em países de língua inglesa e você aprendeu como a data é marcada por muita fartura e sabores diversos ao redor do mundo.
Agora, é começar a se planejar e decidir o cardápio para o final do ano, pois ele já é logo ali!

Adaptado de: https://www.wizard.com.br/cultura/ceia-de-natal-em-ingles-conheca-os-pratos-de-paises-de-lingua-inglesa/. Acesso em: 22 dez. 2021. Copyright 2021 © Wizard by Pearson. Todos os direitos reservados.

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